INFO

What Squiggles are • How to play through a season • Prediction • FAQ • The Model • Flagpole

What Squiggles are

Squiggles are visualizations of AFL team performances, charting attack and defence over the course of a season.

Teams ⇡ high on the chart kick big scores. Teams on the ⇢ right keep their opposition to low scores. Teams in the ↗ upper-right do both. Teams in the ↙ lower-left do neither.

Squiggles are handy because:

• They visualize different game styles. For example, Ross Lyon teams at their peak lurk on the right side of the chart about halfway up, since they keep their opposition to low scores without scoring highly themselves.

• They provide interesting season replays, showing how teams rose or fell at different times of the year.

• They minimize fixture bias by accounting for the difficulty of opponents (and venue).

• They predict how the season will play out based on current likelihoods.

Squiggle is roughly as accurate as tipping the favourite every game. (Which is hard to beat!) Over a season, an informed, observant human should be able to beat it, but not by much. It will beat an average human tipper. You can review its accuracy by visiting the TIPS section of any year.

How to play through a season

To watch the evolution of a past season, use the top controls:

Rewind to the start of the season

Previous Round

Next Round

Reload

You can also:

• Click a team name in the legend at the top to hide/show it.

• Click a team flag to remove every other team.

For example, you might like to rewind, click Hawthorn's flag to remove all other teams, click Geelong's name in the legend to add it back in, then repeatedly step through the season to watch their dance of death.

To zoom in on an area, drag a box around it.

Prediction

Weekly Tips

Click TIPS at the top of the page. If a team beats the tipped scoreline—i.e. wins by more than predicted, loses by less than predicted, or records an upset win—it will generally move in a positive direction on the chart (i.e. more up-and-right than down-and-left), while if its result is worse, it will generally move in a negative direction.

You can view tips for previous rounds via the "History" link on the Tips page.

Season Predictor

This is how the ladder will look if Squiggle has correctly rated every team and nobody gets better or worse.

For the home & away season, it uses a probabilistic ladder, not a simple tally of tips. Both teams are awarded a win probability from each game, so that if Squiggle thinks Hawthorn is 68% likely to beat Collingwood, it will award the Hawks 0.68 wins and the Pies 0.32 wins, increasing both team's tally of "probable wins" by less than 1.

This is because if a team plays 10 games with 60% likelihood of winning each game, we should expect them to win about 6/10—not, as we would get if we tipped each game and tallied up the tips, 10/10. We know that upsets will happen; we just don't know when. A probabilitistic ladder accounts for the likelihood that teams will sometimes unexpectedly win or lose, even though we doesn't know when.

This can look like a bug in the predictor, if you see a team tipped to win a match that doesn't seem to be credited. For example, a team might be on "15 (14.7)" wins, which means 14.7 "probable wins" rounded off to 15. (Rounding occurs so that teams can be secondarily ranked by their percentage.) And then that team is tipped to win the following week, but it remains on 15 wins, now "15 (15.3)". What has happened is the number of probable wins hasn't risen by enough to be rounded to a higher number. It has earned 0.6 more probable wins, but this still rounds off to 15. The predictor is saying it's still most likely this team will be on 15 wins, after accounting for the likelihood that some of its tips will be wrong.

Finals matches are predicted using simple tips. However, this isn't a very reliable way of doing it, and not Squiggle's official Premier tip. For this, please see Flagpole.

Starting the season: Team starting positions are heavily influenced by their late-season performances the previous year, and the off-season is completely ignored. There is no adjustment made for recovery from injuries, or players gained or lost via the draft or trade table, or anything else. For example, Collingwood started 2015 rated very low due to their injury-plagued end to 2014, while Adelaide and West Coast started in good positions after solid late-2014 performances.

Interactive Season Predictor

Drag teams around the chart and make Squiggle predict the rest of the season based on the new positions! It's the best of both worlds: your footy insight plus Squiggle's ability to sensibly model a season.

Reposition teams to your heart's content, open up the Predictor and click RECALCULATE.

This also provides a shareable link to the generated squiggle, so you can show off your work to other people.

FAQ

What causes a team to move?

Teams move when they do better or worse than Squiggle expected.

The most important factor is the final scoreline. When a team scores more than Squiggle expected, they move ⇡ up; when they score less, they move move ⇣ down; when they hold their opposition to a lower score, they move ⇢; right; and when they allow their opposition to score more, they move ⇠ left.

Of course, usually two of these things happen at once, so they move on a diagonal:

↗ Scored more than predicted, held opponent to less than predicted

↘ Scored less than predicted, held opponent to less than predicted

↙ Scored less than predicted, opponent scored more than predicted

↖ Scored more than predicted, opponent scored more than predicted

How far a team moves depends on how different the result was from Squiggle's prediction. If the result was close to expectation, a team may barely budge. But an unexpected thrashing will cause a lot of movement.

Do teams get more movement against easy opposition?

No, because Squiggle expects better performances against weaker opponents, and to move to a better position, the team has to beat this expectation.

For the same reason, Squiggle isn't affected by fixture bias.

Can a team lose and still move into a better squiggle position?

Yes! Squiggle believes in honourable losses and shameful victories. If a team is expected to win by 10 goals but only prevails by 5, it will slide.

What factors are considered?

A team's rating is modified after each game by looking at:

• Scores, obviously.

• Scoring Shots: a team is rated more highly if they record more scoring shots.

• Venue: teams are expected to perform better at venues with which they are more familiar.

• Team Selections: teams are expected to perform better when they select more highly-rated players.

• Stage of Season: team ratings are more fluid in the early part of each season.

• Past Games: each new game is combined with past results.

Can a team beat the tipped result and still fall back on the chart?

Yes! Two factors can cause unusual chart movement:

• Scoring Shots: where one team is much more accurate than the other. For example, in the opening match of 2018, Richmond won 17.19 (121) to Carlton 15.5 (95). Squiggle tipped a 29-point win, so normally the Tigers would slightly regress after winning by only 26 points. However, after factoring in the scoring shot disparity, Richmond's performance was rated more highly, and the Tigers moved positively on the chart.

• Team Selections: where a team has significant ins/outs. For example, in the second match of 2018, Essendon defeated Adelaide by 12 points. This was very similar to Squiggle's expectation of a 7-point Essendon win, so normally neither team would move much. However, Adelaide selected a much weaker team than their previous game (the 2017 Grand Final); without this, Squiggle would have tipped Adelaide by 9 points. As a result, Essendon received less positive movement than they would have for the same scoreline against a normal-strength Adelaide. The Crows also saw negative movement, since the result was worse than what would have been expected from them given their previous rating.

How is home ground advantage determined?

As described in the Model section, home ground advantage in Squiggle 2.0 is generated from ground familiarity: How often the teams have played at the same ground and in the same state over the preceding 4 years (including the current season).

What are Squiggle's weaknesses?

Some quirks of Squiggle, which you may decide to compensate for as an intelligent human, include:

• Squiggle doesn't consider a team's level of motivation, which seems to be fairly significant. Squiggle assumes all teams are trying equally hard at all times.

• Squiggle doesn't consider the impact of weather. It may reward a team for having a good defence when in reality what was making it hard to score was torrential rain. This doesn't seem to happen often enough to throw anything too far out, but does occur from time to time.

• Squiggle doesn't place any special value on wins. That is, it doesn't see much difference between a 1-point victory and a 1-point loss. It may thus underestimate a team that does "just enough," or is especially good at holding on in tight contests. Likewise, it may overestimate a team that regularly gets itself into winning positions against good teams but lacks the ability to close the games out.

• Squiggle gets excited about very low-scoring games. The maths mean that if a team is expected to keep its opposition to 80 points, and it actually keeps them to 40, this is considered twice as good, while keeping them to 20 points is considered four times as good, and keeping them to 10 points is eight times as good. Those are some big multipliers: to be 8 times better than a predicted 80 points in terms of Attack, a team would need to score 640 points (80 x 8), which is a lot more than the all-time AFL record. This means it's significantly easier for a team to move rapidly rightwards on a squiggle than upwards.

• The underlying model generates some inflation over the course of a season, which causes Squiggle to rate teams about 5-10% higher by the end of the year compared to the start. This seems useful for predictive purposes, as it allows for more movement leading into finals. However, it means that a team that doesn't actually change strength at all will be shown to slightly improve its chart position over the course of the season.

Why does the model use those values?

All the numbers used by Squiggle are that way because they worked best (i.e. made the most accurate predictions) when every possible combination was tested with a simulator replaying the last few decades.

How are the year's starting values calculated?

2015 starting positions are very similar to their end 2014 positions—the only difference is that 2013 data is no longer considered, so teams are modeled from the start of 2014 with each beginning on 50 ATTACK and 50 DEFENCE.

This means late-season 2014 results weigh quite heavily. For example, Collingwood had an injury-plagued end to 2014, and so is rated very low. Adelaide and West Coast, by contrast, finished the year with several solid performances, and so begin the year higher than you might expect.

What's with those crazy charts for the 1900s!?

Football scores were a lot lower a century ago, especially in the very early years, when single-digit scorelines abounded. Squiggle is calibrated for modern football, and thinks a game in which one team is held to a single goal (or no goals!) signifies an unbelievably good defensive effort. This causes teams to go shooting off to the right quite often in charts from the 1890s, 1900s and 1910s. So it's not a particularly good visualization of the strength of any particular team in that era. But it is interesting in terms of how different the whole league looks: how low and flat it is compared to today.

Similary, it can be interesting to look at where the mass of teams tends to sit in different decades; for example, how attacking the late 1980s was, with plenty of teams sitting high & centre/left compared to today.

The Model

The foundation of the Squiggle model is the OFFDEF engine, which rates teams separately in terms of attack and defense. Each team is initially assigned a starting value of 50 for each.

Scores are predicted for each match using the formula:

PREDICTED SCORE = 85 * TEAM ATTACK ÷ OPPOSITION DEFENCE

For example, in a match between a team with ATTACK 56 and an opposition with DEFENCE 50, the team is predicted to score: 85 * 56 ÷ 50 = 95 points.

Predicted scores are compared to the actual scores, and ATTACK and DEFENCE adjusted accordingly. For example, if a team scored more highly than predicted, its ATTACK score needs to be increased, since Squiggle underrated it. Likewise, the opposition's DEFENCE score should decrease, since they failed to restrict the team as well as predicted. This is done by calculating what these scores would have to have been to predict the result perfectly, then constructing a weighted average of this along with all other results.

At the start of a season, team starting points are calculated by doing the above for the previous season. For example, to calculate starting points for 2014, each team is assigned 50 to ATTACK and DEFENCE, then the 2013 season is played through.

The units are completely arbitrary, and entirely due to the choice of 50 as a starting value for each team's ATTACK and DEFENCE. They have no meaning except when comparing teams to each other.

Several other filters and algorithms are used to manipulate scores produced by the OFFDEF engine, including venue (for home ground advantage), round number, team selections, and scoring shots.

Home Ground Advantage

Teams are compared based on the number of times they've played at the venue and in the same state.

Tip Probability

When determining "probable wins" in the Season Predictor, an algorithm is used that reflects the actual accuracy of Squiggle tips vs real-life results. Three factors affect the likelihood of a tip being correct:

• Margin: The greater the predicted margin, the more likely the tip is to be correct.

• Round Number: Games that occur later in the season are a little more likely to be tipped correctly.

• Weeks Until Game: Games that are weeks or months in the future are a little less likely to be tipped correctly.

Model Versions

Squiggle v1 used the algorithm ISTATE-91:12, in which 12 points of Home Ground Advantage is awarded to the home team in interstate games only, and each new game forms 9% of the team's new rating (with previous games forming 91%). Follow this link for Squiggles generated under the v1 algorithm.

Squiggle 2.0 made several changes in 2018:

• Greater sensitivity in early rounds to better captures the sometimes substantial form changes that occur over an off-season.

• Factor in goalkicking accuracy, by discounting scores that resulted from unusually high accuracy (i.e. kicking many more goals than behinds), and padding scores that resulted from unusually low accuracy, since these tend to be non-reproducible.

• Generate home ground advantage from a ground familiarity algorithm.

Squiggle4 added Ins/Out awareness in mid-2018, so it can adjust predictions based on team selection.

Squiggle5 moved to a more crowd-based model of home ground advantage in 2020.

To compare Squiggle's performance to other computer models, see the Squiggle Models Leaderboard.

Flagpole

Flagpole is currently a combined strength rating of each team, downgraded by its likelihood of missing finals.

For example, if two teams are currently have the same combined OFFENCE and DEFENCE, but one is certain of making finals while the other has a 25% chance of missing, the latter's will Flagpole will be 75% of the height of the former.

Tower of Power shows how likely teams are (or were) to finish the Home & Away season in various ladder positions, according to squiggle simulations.

At the start of a season, with many games remaining and uncertainty about the strength of each team, there are long strips, as teams could plausibly finish in many different places. Later, they flatten out, as the range of likely finishes shrinks.

Use the top player controls to watch changes throughout a season:

Some creative license is taken for the purposes of visual appeal, which is why final ladder positions appear somewhat diagonal.

* If the round number is marked with an asterisk, the Tower is generated from fewer simulations in order to provide a faster result.

FINALS CHANCES

		Minor Premier	Top 4	Top 8	Bottom 4	Spoon

MODE LADDER

			Likelihood	If not, then...

A Mode Ladder may be useful in the last round or two of a season, since it focuses on the most likely exact finishing position for teams, rather than averaging a range of possibilities. For example, after Round 22, 2017 with one round to go, Richmond were highly likely to finish either 3rd or 6th. Normally this would be averaged out to a prediction of about 4th -- even though the Tigers couldn't possibly finish there. The Mode Ladder avoids this problem.

A Mode Ladder is less useful than other forecasting methods until very late in the season, since until then there are too many possible final ladder combinations.

In 1988, algorithm SQUIGGLE5 correctly tipped 110 games at an accuracy of 68.75%.

Draws are counted as correct tips. Historically, Squiggle employed the ISTATE-91:12 algorithm from 2013-2017, the SQUIGGLE2 algorithm for the first 12 rounds of 2018, and SQUIGGLE4 thereafter. To view historical tips from Squiggle (and other models) irrespective of the algorithm, see the Squiggle API or the models leaderboard.

Round 1

Carlton (126) defeated Hawthorn (111) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 15) Carlton by 6
Essendon (164) defeated North Melbourne (82) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Essendon by 82) North Melbourne by 3
Geelong (83) lost to West Coast (104) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [West Coast by 21) Geelong by 17
Brisbane Lions (75) lost to Collingwood (83) at Carrara (QLD) [Collingwood by 8) Brisbane Lions by 10
Fitzroy (140) defeated St Kilda (118) at Princes Park (VIC) [Fitzroy by 22) Fitzroy by 9
Western Bulldogs (102) defeated Sydney (76) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 26) Western Bulldogs by 6
Richmond (108) lost to Melbourne (154) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 46) Melbourne by 35

Round 2

West Coast (175) defeated Essendon (76) at W.A.C.A. (WA) [West Coast by 99) West Coast by 9
Carlton (129) defeated Brisbane Lions (61) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 68) Carlton by 82
Collingwood (102) defeated Fitzroy (70) at Victoria Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 32) Fitzroy by 17
Western Bulldogs (66) lost to Melbourne (86) at Western Oval (VIC) [Melbourne by 20) Melbourne by 16
North Melbourne (127) lost to Geelong (142) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Geelong by 15) Geelong by 10
Hawthorn (171) defeated Richmond (86) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 85) Hawthorn by 47
Sydney (66) defeated St Kilda (55) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 11) Sydney by 33

Round 3

Essendon (79) lost to Carlton (151) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Carlton by 72) Carlton by 32
Richmond (80) lost to Collingwood (150) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 70) Richmond by 6
Western Bulldogs (108) defeated Fitzroy (57) at Western Oval (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 51) Western Bulldogs by 17
Melbourne (72) defeated Geelong (64) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 8) Melbourne by 30
Hawthorn (114) defeated Sydney (93) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 21) Hawthorn by 41
St Kilda (108) defeated North Melbourne (82) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [St Kilda by 26) St Kilda by 10
Brisbane Lions (74) lost to West Coast (192) at W.A.C.A. (WA) [West Coast by 118) West Coast by 58

Round 4

Melbourne (96) defeated Brisbane Lions (41) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 55) Melbourne by 60
Collingwood (94) defeated West Coast (55) at Victoria Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 39) West Coast by 19
Hawthorn (120) defeated Fitzroy (106) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 14) Hawthorn by 50
North Melbourne (125) defeated Western Bulldogs (87) at Waverley Park (VIC) [North Melbourne by 38) Western Bulldogs by 23
Sydney (80) lost to Carlton (166) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Carlton by 86) Carlton by 17
St Kilda (69) lost to Essendon (91) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [Essendon by 22) Essendon by 5
Richmond (82) lost to Geelong (161) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Geelong by 79) Geelong by 16

Round 5

West Coast (100) defeated Western Bulldogs (93) at W.A.C.A. (WA) [West Coast by 7) West Coast by 22
St Kilda (84) lost to Brisbane Lions (93) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [Brisbane Lions by 9) St Kilda by 22
Carlton (69) lost to Collingwood (97) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 28) Carlton by 29
Geelong (116) defeated Essendon (92) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Geelong by 24) Geelong by 17
Fitzroy (91) lost to Richmond (153) at Princes Park (VIC) [Richmond by 62) Fitzroy by 16
North Melbourne (128) lost to Hawthorn (205) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Hawthorn by 77) Hawthorn by 39
Sydney (89) lost to Melbourne (116) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Melbourne by 27) Melbourne by 9

Round 6

North Melbourne (123) defeated West Coast (110) at M.C.G. (VIC) [North Melbourne by 13) West Coast by 19
Carlton (72) defeated St Kilda (32) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 40) Carlton by 47
Collingwood (91) lost to Hawthorn (93) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 2) Hawthorn by 12
Melbourne (68) lost to Essendon (101) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Essendon by 33) Melbourne by 27
Western Bulldogs (91) defeated Richmond (46) at Western Oval (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 45) Western Bulldogs by 19
Brisbane Lions (113) defeated Fitzroy (111) at Carrara (QLD) [Brisbane Lions by 2) Brisbane Lions by 1
Geelong (111) lost to Sydney (114) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Sydney by 3) Geelong by 14

Round 7

West Coast (112) defeated St Kilda (36) at W.A.C.A. (WA) [West Coast by 76) West Coast by 35
Geelong (104) defeated Carlton (93) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Geelong by 11) Carlton by 35
Essendon (119) defeated Collingwood (75) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Essendon by 44) Collingwood by 11
Fitzroy (106) defeated Sydney (67) at Princes Park (VIC) [Fitzroy by 39) Sydney by 12
Melbourne (111) defeated Hawthorn (90) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 21) Hawthorn by 2
Brisbane Lions (72) defeated Western Bulldogs (71) at Carrara (QLD) [Brisbane Lions by 1) Western Bulldogs by 12
Richmond (73) lost to North Melbourne (150) at M.C.G. (VIC) [North Melbourne by 77) North Melbourne by 18

Round 8

Sydney (87) lost to Brisbane Lions (115) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Brisbane Lions by 28) Sydney by 35
Carlton (134) defeated North Melbourne (121) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Carlton by 13) Carlton by 28
Collingwood (88) defeated Western Bulldogs (82) at Victoria Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 6) Collingwood by 5
Essendon (137) defeated Richmond (89) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Essendon by 48) Essendon by 36
Fitzroy (89) lost to Melbourne (115) at Princes Park (VIC) [Melbourne by 26) Melbourne by 31
Geelong (108) lost to St Kilda (114) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [St Kilda by 6) Geelong by 32
West Coast (63) lost to Hawthorn (116) at Subiaco (WA) [Hawthorn by 53) Hawthorn by 1

Round 9

Essendon (194) defeated Brisbane Lions (54) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Essendon by 140) Essendon by 37
North Melbourne (35) lost to Collingwood (83) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 48) Collingwood by 6
Geelong (133) defeated Fitzroy (100) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Geelong by 33) Geelong by 22
Hawthorn (154) defeated Western Bulldogs (65) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 89) Hawthorn by 21
St Kilda (106) defeated Melbourne (78) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [St Kilda by 28) Melbourne by 27
Richmond (73) lost to Sydney (136) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Sydney by 63) Sydney by 16
West Coast (87) lost to Carlton (100) at Subiaco (WA) [Carlton by 13) Carlton by 12

Round 10

Sydney (77) defeated Essendon (55) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 22) Essendon by 9
Western Bulldogs (75) lost to Carlton (96) at Western Oval (VIC) [Carlton by 21) Carlton by 20
Collingwood (71) lost to Melbourne (84) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Melbourne by 13) Melbourne by 0
Fitzroy (157) defeated North Melbourne (124) at Princes Park (VIC) [Fitzroy by 33) North Melbourne by 5
St Kilda (121) lost to Hawthorn (137) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Hawthorn by 16) Hawthorn by 39
Brisbane Lions (109) lost to Geelong (162) at Carrara (QLD) [Geelong by 53) Geelong by 21
Richmond (116) defeated West Coast (75) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Richmond by 41) West Coast by 29

Round 11

Sydney (132) defeated North Melbourne (125) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 7) Sydney by 18
Carlton (144) defeated Fitzroy (101) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 43) Carlton by 34
St Kilda (51) lost to Western Bulldogs (78) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 27) Western Bulldogs by 5
Brisbane Lions (151) defeated Richmond (103) at Carrara (QLD) [Brisbane Lions by 48) Brisbane Lions by 7
Geelong (64) lost to Collingwood (103) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Collingwood by 39) Geelong by 3
Hawthorn (118) defeated Essendon (68) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 50) Hawthorn by 16
Melbourne (93) defeated West Coast (73) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 20) Melbourne by 27

Round 12

Richmond (110) defeated Carlton (93) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Richmond by 17) Carlton by 54
Hawthorn (80) defeated Brisbane Lions (17) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 63) Hawthorn by 76
St Kilda (30) lost to Collingwood (51) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [Collingwood by 21) Collingwood by 16
Fitzroy (51) defeated Essendon (33) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Fitzroy by 18) Essendon by 19
Western Bulldogs (56) defeated Geelong (30) at Western Oval (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 26) Western Bulldogs by 6
North Melbourne (74) defeated Melbourne (61) at M.C.G. (VIC) [North Melbourne by 13) Melbourne by 23
Sydney (104) defeated West Coast (61) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 43) Sydney by 14

Round 13

North Melbourne (151) defeated Brisbane Lions (85) at M.C.G. (VIC) [North Melbourne by 66) North Melbourne by 35
Melbourne (66) defeated Carlton (43) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Melbourne by 23) Carlton by 6
Collingwood (68) defeated Sydney (23) at Victoria Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 45) Collingwood by 17
Essendon (75) lost to Western Bulldogs (99) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 24) Essendon by 3
Hawthorn (112) defeated Geelong (87) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 25) Hawthorn by 47
St Kilda (66) defeated Richmond (41) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [St Kilda by 25) St Kilda by 16
West Coast (121) defeated Fitzroy (87) at Subiaco (WA) [West Coast by 34) West Coast by 8

Round 14

Sydney (96) lost to Richmond (131) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Richmond by 35) Sydney by 37
Carlton (87) lost to Collingwood (110) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Collingwood by 23) Collingwood by 0
Essendon (112) defeated West Coast (85) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Essendon by 27) Essendon by 19
Fitzroy (71) lost to North Melbourne (110) at Waverley Park (VIC) [North Melbourne by 39) North Melbourne by 0
Western Bulldogs (77) lost to Hawthorn (105) at Western Oval (VIC) [Hawthorn by 28) Hawthorn by 24
Geelong (56) lost to Melbourne (89) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Melbourne by 33) Melbourne by 0
Brisbane Lions (99) defeated St Kilda (89) at Carrara (QLD) [Brisbane Lions by 10) St Kilda by 12

Round 15

St Kilda (65) lost to Carlton (69) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [Carlton by 4) Carlton by 20
Fitzroy (142) defeated Collingwood (52) at Princes Park (VIC) [Fitzroy by 90) Collingwood by 21
Western Bulldogs (80) defeated Richmond (55) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 25) Western Bulldogs by 24
Melbourne (57) lost to Sydney (130) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Sydney by 73) Melbourne by 26
Brisbane Lions (91) lost to Hawthorn (115) at Carrara (QLD) [Hawthorn by 24) Hawthorn by 58
North Melbourne (94) lost to Essendon (140) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Essendon by 46) Essendon by 7
West Coast (126) defeated Geelong (106) at Subiaco (WA) [West Coast by 20) West Coast by 11

Round 16

West Coast (98) defeated Brisbane Lions (89) at W.A.C.A. (WA) [West Coast by 9) West Coast by 36
Carlton (141) defeated Geelong (98) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 43) Carlton by 23
Melbourne (94) defeated Collingwood (48) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 46) Melbourne by 0
Essendon (110) defeated Fitzroy (66) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Essendon by 44) Essendon by 8
Richmond (115) defeated St Kilda (98) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Richmond by 17) St Kilda by 14
North Melbourne (86) lost to Western Bulldogs (113) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 27) Western Bulldogs by 7
Sydney (163) defeated Hawthorn (112) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 51) Hawthorn by 15

Round 17

Fitzroy (134) defeated West Coast (64) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Fitzroy by 70) Fitzroy by 16
Carlton (100) defeated Richmond (60) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 40) Carlton by 37
Collingwood (92) drew with North Melbourne (92) at Victoria Park (VIC) [DRAW by 0) Collingwood by 13
Geelong (115) defeated Western Bulldogs (69) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Geelong by 46) Geelong by 1
Melbourne (68) lost to Hawthorn (137) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 69) Hawthorn by 15
St Kilda (92) lost to Sydney (99) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [Sydney by 7) Sydney by 8
Brisbane Lions (74) lost to Essendon (103) at Carrara (QLD) [Essendon by 29) Essendon by 21

Round 18

Sydney (88) lost to Geelong (151) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Geelong by 63) Sydney by 25
Fitzroy (67) lost to Carlton (143) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 76) Carlton by 14
Collingwood (114) defeated St Kilda (80) at Victoria Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 34) Collingwood by 13
Hawthorn (88) defeated Essendon (62) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 26) Hawthorn by 21
North Melbourne (109) lost to Richmond (140) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Richmond by 31) North Melbourne by 20
Western Bulldogs (84) defeated Brisbane Lions (43) at Western Oval (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 41) Western Bulldogs by 33
West Coast (122) defeated Melbourne (78) at Subiaco (WA) [West Coast by 44) Melbourne by 5

Round 19

Collingwood (122) defeated Brisbane Lions (76) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Collingwood by 46) Collingwood by 37
Carlton (79) lost to Sydney (107) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Sydney by 28) Carlton by 20
Essendon (90) lost to Geelong (157) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Geelong by 67) Essendon by 9
Hawthorn (178) defeated Fitzroy (104) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 74) Hawthorn by 35
Western Bulldogs (132) defeated St Kilda (63) at Western Oval (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 69) Western Bulldogs by 12
Richmond (149) defeated Melbourne (131) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Richmond by 18) Melbourne by 22
West Coast (115) defeated North Melbourne (84) at Subiaco (WA) [West Coast by 31) West Coast by 11

Round 20

Richmond (86) lost to Brisbane Lions (100) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Brisbane Lions by 14) Richmond by 22
Carlton (141) defeated North Melbourne (137) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 4) Carlton by 27
Collingwood (74) defeated Essendon (73) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 1) Collingwood by 2
Melbourne (100) lost to Western Bulldogs (110) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 10) Western Bulldogs by 2
St Kilda (88) lost to West Coast (97) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [West Coast by 9) St Kilda by 2
Sydney (160) defeated Fitzroy (97) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 63) Sydney by 24
Geelong (68) lost to Hawthorn (128) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Hawthorn by 60) Hawthorn by 18

Round 21

North Melbourne (113) defeated Sydney (101) at M.C.G. (VIC) [North Melbourne by 12) Sydney by 14
Essendon (128) defeated Melbourne (90) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Essendon by 38) Essendon by 1
Fitzroy (127) defeated Western Bulldogs (113) at Princes Park (VIC) [Fitzroy by 14) Western Bulldogs by 8
Geelong (146) defeated Richmond (108) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Geelong by 38) Geelong by 35
Hawthorn (123) defeated St Kilda (78) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 45) Hawthorn by 50
Brisbane Lions (97) lost to Carlton (100) at Carrara (QLD) [Carlton by 3) Carlton by 26
West Coast (111) defeated Collingwood (51) at Subiaco (WA) [West Coast by 60) West Coast by 2

Round 22

Richmond (157) defeated Fitzroy (54) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Richmond by 103) Fitzroy by 16
Melbourne (96) defeated Carlton (66) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 30) Carlton by 9
Collingwood (129) defeated Geelong (94) at Victoria Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 35) Collingwood by 4
Essendon (84) defeated St Kilda (65) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Essendon by 19) Essendon by 19
Hawthorn (184) defeated North Melbourne (89) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 95) Hawthorn by 49
Brisbane Lions (77) lost to Sydney (81) at Carrara (QLD) [Sydney by 4) Sydney by 23
Western Bulldogs (29) lost to West Coast (53) at Western Oval (VIC) [West Coast by 24) Western Bulldogs by 15

Elimination Final

West Coast (71) lost to Melbourne (73) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Melbourne by 2) Melbourne by 9
Carlton (145) defeated Collingwood (107) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Carlton by 38) Carlton by 5

Semi Final

Hawthorn (66) defeated Carlton (45) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 21) Hawthorn by 26
Collingwood (82) lost to Melbourne (95) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 13) Melbourne by 3

Preliminary Final

Carlton (98) lost to Melbourne (120) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Melbourne by 22) Carlton by 6

Grand Final

Hawthorn (152) defeated Melbourne (56) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Hawthorn by 96) Hawthorn by 27